1 Kreuzer - Ferdinand III Graz

Ferdinand III died in 1657, making this a late issue from his reign — struck just three years before his death and during a period when the Habsburg hereditary lands were still financially exhausted from the Thirty Years' War, which had ended only six years prior at Westphalia. Small billon kreuzer from the Graz mint circulated aggressively in the Alpine provinces and rarely survived without significant wear. The .312 fineness reflects deliberate Habsburg debasement policy that had been incrementally reducing silver content in subsidiary coinage since the early seventeenth century.