1 Kopeck - Peter I without mintmark

Peter I's copper kopeck of this period was produced as part of his sweeping monetary reform begun in 1704, which introduced a decimal coinage system — one of the first in Europe — replacing the old wire "fish-scale" kopecks that had circulated for generations. The Moscow Kadashevsky and other early copper facilities lacked consistent mint-marking discipline in these opening years, which is precisely why pieces from 1711–1713 so frequently appear without attribution to a specific facility.

The absence of a mintmark is not an anomaly but a reflection of early administrative disorder in Peter's reformed minting infrastructure.