1 Kopeck - Nikolai I СПБ, Pattern

This 1830 pattern kopeck was struck at the St. Petersburg Mint — СПБ — during a period when the Finance Ministry was actively debating a wholesale reform of Russia's copper coinage system. Nikolai I had inherited a monetary mess: decades of overissued assignat paper currency had badly distorted the relationship between copper face value and actual metal content. The pattern issues of this year were part of the exploratory groundwork that ultimately led to the 1839–1843 Kankrin reform, which pegged the ruble to silver and rationalized the copper series entirely.

That it survives as a pattern rather than a circulation strike tells you the 1830 proposals did not immediately advance.