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1 Kopeck Foreign Exchange Certificate
| Emittent | Gosbank USSR (State Bank of the USSR) |
|---|---|
| Jahr | 1961 |
| Typ | Anmelden um Details zu sehen |
| Nennwert | Anmelden um Details zu sehen |
| Währung | Anmelden um Details zu sehen |
| Material | Anmelden um Details zu sehen |
| Größe | Anmelden um Details zu sehen |
| Form | Anmelden um Details zu sehen |
| Druckerei | Anmelden um Details zu sehen |
| Designer | Anmelden um Details zu sehen |
| Stecher | Anmelden um Details zu sehen |
| Im Umlauf bis | Anmelden um Details zu sehen |
| Referenz(en) | P-FX1 |
| Vorderseitenbeschreibung | Green-tinted note with guilloche underprint border. Central text block in Cyrillic states the Gosbank USSR obligation to pay one kopeck; denomination numeral "1" appears at right within a guilloche rosette with КОПЕЙКА below. Two manuscript signatures of bank officials appear beneath the ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЙ БАНК СССР legend. |
|---|---|
| Vorderseitenlegende | Anmelden um Details zu sehen |
| Rückseitenbeschreibung | Plain unprinted reverse showing bleed-through impression of the obverse text and guilloche elements in pale green, with no additional design or lettering applied to this side. |
| Rückseitenlegende | Anmelden um Details zu sehen |
| Unterschrift(en) | Anmelden um Details zu sehen |
| Sicherheitsmerkmal | Anmelden um Details zu sehen |
| Beschreibung der Sicherheitsmerkmale | Anmelden um Details zu sehen |
| Varianten | Anmelden um Details zu sehen |
| Anmerkungen |
Vneshposyltorg certificates — the "blue series" issued from 1961 — were not ordinary money. They were a Soviet mechanism for controlling access to foreign-made consumer goods, allowing recipients of remittances from abroad to shop at Beryozka stores without the state losing hard currency to the black market. The 1-kopeck denomination (P-FX1) is the smallest unit in the entire series and was issued purely to make change within that closed retail system.
Gosbank's involvement was nominal. Real authority over the certificate system sat with the Ministry of Foreign Trade. The notes circulated in a legally ambiguous space — technically valid only in designated shops, yet widely traded informally at steep premiums over face value.