1 Karshapana Post-Mauryan Ujjain, Series VII

Ujjain sat at the crossroads of the northern and western trade routes across the subcontinent, and the punch-marked coinage produced there after Mauryan authority fragmented reflects a mint operating under regional power rather than imperial mandate. Series VII is distinguished from earlier Ujjain output by its specific symbol combinations, which numismatists use to sequence these issues in the absence of any written chronology. Mitchiner's classification remains the primary framework, though the boundaries between late Series VI and early Series VII pieces are still debated among specialists.