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| 正面描述 | Obverse bearing multiple independent punch-marked symbols applied at various positions across the flan, including a sun symbol with radiating rays in the upper field, a taurin (bull-head) device, a frog punch mark, and a spindle symbol. The marks are distributed across the broad, irregularly cut silver surface in the characteristic punch-marked coinage tradition of ancient India, each symbol struck individually with a separate die. The flan displays the typical slightly irregular, flattened rectangular form associated with early Indian punchmarked coinage. |
|---|---|
| 正面文字 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 正面铭文 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 背面描述 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 背面文字 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 背面铭文 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 边缘 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 铸币厂 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 铸造量 | -400 -329 |
| 附加信息 |
Mahapadma Nanda founded the dynasty that Greek sources later described as the most powerful force in the Indian subcontinent — powerful enough that Alexander's troops refused to advance further east at the Hyphasis in 326 BC, reportedly on account of the Nanda army's size. These punch-marked pieces predate that standoff by decades and circulated through the Magadha heartland as the empire absorbed rival janapadas one by one. The punching sequence — multiple dies applied in succession — means no two karshapanas from this period are struck identically.