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| 正面描述 | Obverse bearing multiple punch-marked symbols applied individually by separate dies onto the flat silver flan, characteristic of the Mauryan punch-marked coinage tradition. Visible symbols include a sun motif, a six-armed symbol, and additional geometric and symbolic devices typical of imperial Mauryan issues. The punches are irregularly distributed across the field of the roughly rectangular flan, with each symbol impressed at varying depths. The surface displays the uneven texture inherent to hand-cut and hammer-struck blanks of the period. No legends or inscriptions are present, as was standard for this pre-epigraphic coinage series. |
|---|---|
| 正面文字 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 正面铭文 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 背面描述 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 背面文字 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 背面铭文 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 边缘 | Plain |
| 铸币厂 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 铸造量 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 附加信息 |
The Mauryan karshapana is among the oldest standardized coinage produced at imperial scale anywhere in the ancient world. Chandragupta Maurya's administration inherited a punch-marked silver tradition already centuries old, but the Mauryan state systematized it — establishing weight standards enforced across an empire stretching from Gandhara to the Deccan. Kautilya's Arthashastra describes the state mint operation in detail, including penalties for counterfeit, making this one of the earliest coinages documented by a near-contemporary administrative text.
The 3.26g weight standard traces to the Magadha rati-based system, itself derived from the weight of the gunja seed.