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| 正面描述 | Irregular rectangular silver flan bearing multiple punch-marked symbols applied by individual dies. The obverse displays two prominent symbols: a large stylized animal figure, possibly a bovine or elephant, rendered in a bold, archaic punch technique occupying the left and central field, accompanied by a circular or spiral symbol to the right. The punches are deeply impressed into the silver surface, characteristic of Janapada-period coinage from the Gangetic plain. The flan edges are irregular and uneven, consistent with hand-cut and hammer-struck production methods of the period. |
|---|---|
| 正面文字 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 正面铭文 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 背面描述 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 背面文字 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 背面铭文 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 边缘 | Plain |
| 铸币厂 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 铸造量 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 附加信息 |
The Kosala janapada punched-mark series predates any centralized mint authority in the subcontinent — these were produced by a system of punch application, each mark struck independently by merchants, guilds, or state officials whose identities remain largely unresolved. Kosala itself was one of the sixteen mahajanapadas and a major political rival of Magadha during this period, before being absorbed by it sometime in the 4th century BC.
The ACR reference places this among the lighter-weight karshapana fractions documented by Shailendra Bhandare and others working the punch-mark series. At 2.72g, it sits at roughly half the standard karshapana weight, consistent with known Kosala fractional issues from this horizon.