1 Jiao - Guangxu Pei Yang Arsenal, type 1

The Pei Yang Arsenal at Tianjin was established primarily as a weapons manufactory, not a mint — its coin production in the 1890s was essentially a stopgap measure while the Beiyang government worked to rationalize China's chaotic provincial coinage system. The Guangxu-era Jiao issues from this facility are among the more technically inconsistent of the northern mints, a predictable consequence of machinery intended for munitions being pressed into numismatic service.

Y#62 distinguishes the Type 1 by specific rosette and border bead arrangements that differ from the later Type 2 — a distinction that matters considerably to specialists given the facility's short striking window.