1 Heller - Frederick William

Hesse-Cassel's political situation during this period was genuinely precarious. Elector Frederick William I spent much of this reign in open conflict with his own government, eventually fleeing to Prussia in 1850 after dismissing his liberal ministers and suspending the constitution — an act that triggered federal intervention by Austrian and Prussian troops. The copper heller issues spanning this period thus bridge a moment when the electorate's internal governance had nearly collapsed entirely.

Hesse-Cassel was absorbed into Prussia in 1866 following the Austro-Prussian War, ending the electorate permanently. KM#613 is accordingly the final heller type struck under Hessian authority.