1 Grosso - Filippo Maria Visconti Plain arms

Filippo Maria Visconti, the last male heir of the Visconti dynasty, spent much of his reign in a state of acute paranoia — he reportedly refused to cross open water, rarely appeared in public, and conducted diplomacy almost entirely through intermediaries. His coinage is consequently one of the more administratively interesting of the Italian Renaissance principalities, issued by a ruler who governed largely from behind closed doors at the Castello di Porta Giovia. The plain arms variant catalogued under MIR 152 represents an early phase of his monetary reorganization following his consolidation of Milanese territory after 1421.