1 Groschen - Volrat VI, Wolfgang III and John George

The Mansfeld counties were chronically over-minted fiefdoms whose competing lines — often issuing simultaneously under joint names — produced an extraordinary tangle of small silver in the early seventeenth century. By 1624, the Thirty Years' War had been grinding for six years, and Mansfeld's copper and silver mining operations, long the economic engine of the region, were under serious strain from troop movements and disrupted trade routes. Small-denomination groschen from this period circulated hard and fast across central Germany, which is why survivors in any meaningful state of preservation are genuinely scarce.