1 Groschen - Stephen III Type IId

Stephen III of Moldavia — known as Stephen the Great — ruled for 47 years and spent much of that reign in near-constant warfare, repelling Ottoman, Polish, and Hungarian incursions across dozens of recorded engagements. His coinage was not ceremonial; it funded a military machine. The Type IId classification within his groschen series reflects successive die revisions made across a reign too long for any single emission to cover, with the MBR typology separating issues that circulated simultaneously in different regions of the principality.

At 0.64 g, these are among the lightest silver issues of the Moldavian series — a deliberate reduction tied to the fiscal strain of sustained military campaigns rather than any debasement crisis in the conventional sense.