1 Groschen - Frederick II Rathenow

Frederick II, called "Iron Tooth" (Eisenzahn), ruled Brandenburg through a period of sustained conflict with the Berlin-Cölln twin cities, culminating in his forced subjugation of their trading privileges in 1448 — an episode the cities called the "Berlin Indignation." The Rathenow mint, active under his authority, struck groschen to fund these domestic political pressures as much as routine commerce.

Bahrf#39 is among the more frequently encountered varieties of his groschen issues, but the 31-year span of the type makes precise dating within the series difficult without die study.