1 Groat - Sigismund I the Old Wilno mint

Sigismund I consolidated Lithuanian coinage at Wilno — the only mint operating in the Grand Duchy during his reign — as part of a broader currency reform that sought to align Polish-Lithuanian monetary standards following the Union. The groat issues of 1535–1536 fall within the final decade of his reign, when Sigismund was increasingly ceding administrative authority to his son, the future Sigismund II Augustus, who had been installed as Grand Duke of Lithuania in 1529 at age nine. The Kopicki reference range spanning eleven catalog numbers reflects genuine die variation across the two-year emission rather than condition grades.