1 Groat - James II 2nd Coinage, 2nd Issue, Type III

James II's second coinage was itself a product of monetary crisis — Scotland had been struggling with a severely debased currency and chronic bullion shortages throughout the 1440s, forcing repeated revaluations and reissues in quick succession. The Type III classification within the second issue reflects incremental die modifications made at Edinburgh, likely in response to ongoing weight standard adjustments during this turbulent decade.

James II died in August 1460 at the siege of Roxburgh Castle when a cannon exploded beside him — closing the window on this issue abruptly.