1 Goldgulden - Frederick Ulrich

Frederick Ulrich ruled Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel from 1613 until his death in 1634, and his reign was defined almost entirely by the catastrophe of the Thirty Years' War. The duchy was occupied by Imperial forces, then Protestant ones, then Imperial again — the treasury bled accordingly. Gold gulden of this type were struck across a wide date range precisely because stable, high-value coinage was one of the few instruments of financial credibility a battered prince could still project. Welter's variety B designation distinguishes this from closely related die marriages within the type.