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1 Giorgino - Cesare d'Este
| Issuer | Duchy of Modena and Reggio |
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| Year | 1597-1628 |
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| Reference(s) | MIR#692 |
| Obverse description | Draped bust of Cesare d'Este facing left, rendered in the late Renaissance manner with curled hair and a ruffled collar visible at the truncation. The effigy is set within a circular inner border, with the ducal title legend distributed around the periphery of the coin. The portrait displays the characteristic irregular flan typical of hammered coinage of this period. |
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| Reverse description | Full-length standing figure of Saint Geminianus, patron saint of Modena, depicted facing front in episcopal vestments and mitre, holding a crozier in his left hand and raising his right hand in a gesture of blessing. The figure is rendered in a stylized manner consistent with late 16th- to early 17th-century Italian hammered coinage. The saint's name appears in the surrounding Latin legend, and the overall design reflects the strong civic and religious iconography characteristic of Este ducal coinage. |
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| Additional information |
Cesare d'Este's rule began under a cloud: when Alfonso II died without legitimate heirs in 1597, Pope Clement VIII refused to recognize Cesare's succession and seized Ferrara, forcing the Este court to relocate permanently to Modena. The coinage issued under Cesare reflects this truncated, scrambling administration — a dynasty reestablishing itself in a secondary city with reduced territory and wounded prestige.
The giorgino denomination takes its name from Saint George, patron of the Order of the Garter, and circulated across multiple north Italian states in the late sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries as a practical silver fraction.