1 Franc - Chambre de Commerce de la Creuse [23]

The Creuse chamber of commerce began issuing small-denomination emergency notes in 1915 because the outbreak of war had caused a near-total disappearance of metallic coinage from circulation — hoarding was immediate and widespread across provincial France. The Chambers of Commerce were authorised by the French government to fill that gap locally, and dozens did so simultaneously, each contracting whatever regional printer was available. Pierre Dumont in Limoges was the logical choice for Creuse, a landlocked département with no printing industry of its own.

JP#64-03 and 04 indicate two distinct varieties within the same type, most likely differentiated by serial number series or minor typographic changes during a print run replenishment.