Catalog
| Issuer | French West Africa |
|---|---|
| Year | 1944 |
| Type | Standard circulation coin |
| Value | 1 Franc |
| Currency | Franc (1895-1944) |
| Composition | Nickel brass (79% Copper, 20% Zinc, 1% Nickel) |
| Weight | 4 g |
| Diameter | 23 mm |
| Thickness | 1.37 mm |
| Shape | Round |
| Technique | Milled |
| Orientation | Coin alignment ↑↓ |
| Engraver(s) | Pierre-Alexandre Morlon |
| In circulation to | |
| Reference(s) | KM#2, Lec#2, Schön#2 |
| Obverse description | Marianne`s head left wearing a phrygian cap decorated with a composite wreath made of olive tree leaves, oak and wheat. |
|---|---|
| Obverse script | Latin |
| Obverse lettering |
REPVBLIQUE FRANÇAISE (Translation: French Republic) |
| Reverse description | Value encompassed on either side by Cornucopia (or horn of plenty, overflowing with produce, flowers or nuts). |
| Reverse script | Latin |
| Reverse lettering |
AFRIQUE OCCIDENTALE FRANÇAISE 1 FRANC 1944 (Translation: French West Africa) |
| Edge | Smooth |
| Mint | |
| Mintage |
1944 - - 15 000 000 1944 - Proof - |
| Numisquare ID | 3058090540 |
| Additional information |
Historical Context: The 1944 1 Franc for French West Africa (AOF) emerges from a pivotal World War II period. Initially under Vichy control, AOF rallied to Free French forces by 1942. Struck late in the war, this issue symbolizes the reassertion of French sovereignty and the Free French administration's efforts to maintain economic stability and legitimacy in its colonial territories amidst global conflict and material shortages. It served as essential circulating currency.
Artistry: While the specific engraver for this utilitarian wartime issue is largely undocumented, its design adheres to a functionalist stylistic school common for colonial coinage. The obverse typically features a fasces, symbolizing unity and authority, often encircled by "RÉPUBLIQUE FRANÇAISE." The reverse prominently displays the denomination "1 FRANC" and the date "1944," frequently within an agricultural wreath, reflecting the territory's economic basis. The aesthetic prioritizes clear communication of value and issuer.
Technical/Grading: Struck in nickel brass (79% Copper, 20% Zinc, 1% Nickel), a durable yet economical wartime alloy, this 4-gram, 23-millimeter coin exhibits period-typical characteristics. Key high-points for wear include the fasces' ribbons on the obverse and the wreath/lettering elements on the reverse. Technical strike qualities vary, often showing weakness in finer details like individual fasces rods and wreath elements, a consequence of expedient wartime minting and the alloy's properties. Planchet quality may also exhibit minor imperfections.