1 Follaro - Ruggero II St. Nicholas

Roger II inherited a Norman administration that had already been minting Arab-style bronze follari under his predecessors, and when he elevated Sicily to a kingdom in 1130, the coinage evolved to reflect a court that was genuinely trilingual — Latin, Greek, and Arabic all appeared on royal issues of this period. The St. Nicholas type draws specifically on the Greek-Byzantine administrative tradition Roger cultivated in Palermo, where Orthodox and Catholic clergy operated under the same crown.

Spahr's classification of this type has been contested in later scholarship, with MIR offering a tighter die grouping. Weight variation across surviving specimens is pronounced enough that some researchers have proposed multiple unofficial striking locations beyond the Palermo mint.