1 Follaro - Roger II

Historical Context: This 1 Follaro coin, issued between 1127 and 1130, marks a pivotal era for Roger II, a towering figure in medieval European history. During this period, Roger, already Count of Sicily, consolidated his control over southern Italy, becoming Duke of Apulia and Calabria in 1127. This coinage predates his formal coronation as King of Sicily in 1130, a tangible symbol of his burgeoning authority and the economic stability he sought. It reflects the critical transition from fragmented Norman rule to a unified kingdom.

Artistry: The artistic execution of this Follaro, typical of early Norman-Sicilian minting, reflects a pragmatic approach to coinage for daily commerce. While specific engravers remain anonymous, the stylistic school blends Byzantine influences, often seen in schematic rendering of figures, with Latin epigraphy. The design generally features a bust of Roger II, often crowned, with inscriptions identifying him as Duke. The overall aesthetic is robust and functional, prioritizing clarity for circulation over intricate detail, characteristic of the period's copper issues.

Technical/Grading: Struck in copper (5.84 grams, 20 mm), this Follaro exhibits typical early medieval coinage characteristics. High-points susceptible to wear include the ruler's bust (hair, crown, facial features) or central elements of any cross design. Desirable technical strike qualities include a well-centered flan, a strong, even strike across the surface, and full legibility of the legends. Given the often irregular nature of medieval copper planchets, examples with minimal planchet flaws and good surface preservation are particularly prized.