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1 Fiorino - Ferdinando I

Issuer Castiglione Delle Stiviere (Italian States)
Year 1616-1678
Type Standard circulation coin
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Obverse lettering SANCTA MARIA ORA PRO NOBIS L 10
Reverse description The reverse presents a central cartouche with elaborate foliate and strapwork ornamentation surrounding it, characteristic of late Renaissance decorative engraving. Within the cartouche, the abbreviated Latin inscription reads in multiple lines referencing the issuing authority. The overall composition is tightly framed within the irregular round flan, with the ornamental border filling the remaining field. The workmanship reflects the provincial hammered technique common to small Italian states of the early seventeenth century.
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Additional information

Castiglione delle Stiviere was a tiny Imperial fief in the Gonzaga orbit, granted the right to mint by the Holy Roman Emperor — a privilege jealously exercised by the local lords well beyond what their political weight might suggest. Ferdinando I Gonzaga-Vescovi ruled the principality for over six decades, and the long date range of this emission reflects a sustained minting program rather than a single issue.

The fiorino denomination itself deliberately invoked Florence's gold standard, lending credibility to coinage from a mint that would otherwise have struggled for acceptance in regional trade.

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