1 Fiorino di Camera - Leo X

Leo X — born Giovanni de' Medici — was elected pope in March 1513 and almost immediately set about financing one of the most extravagant pontificates in Rome's history. The rebuilding of St. Peter's Basilica consumed enormous sums, and it was the aggressive sale of indulgences to fund that project that directly provoked Martin Luther's Ninety-Five Theses in 1517. The fiorino di camera was the prestige gold instrument of papal financial transactions throughout this period, used for diplomatic payments and curial salaries rather than ordinary commerce.

The MIR 619/2 variety is distinguished from the closely related 619/1 by subtle differences in the die execution traceable to the papal mint's workforce changes under Leo's tenure.