1 Filippo - Filippo IV

The Filippo was Milan's principal large silver denomination during the Spanish occupation, struck in the name of Philip IV of Spain as Duke of Milan — a title the Spanish crown held continuously from 1535. By the 1650s, Milan's mint was under chronic financial strain partly driven by the costs of the Franco-Spanish War, and the duchy's silver coinage suffered repeated debasement pressures that make weight consistency across this issue notably variable. The MIR attribution places this among the later die marriages of the type, distinguishable from earlier strikes by subtle punch differences in the mint's working dies.