1 Farthing - Edward I Class 4de

Class 4de farthings occupy an awkward position in Edward I's currency reform program — the farthing denomination was never struck in sufficient quantities to satisfy demand, and unofficial cut halfpennies remained in wide circulation throughout his reign despite being technically illegal. The 4de classification places this piece within the refined spink subgroupings developed to distinguish subtle lettering and bust variations that emerged as the Canterbury and London mints adjusted working dies through the mid-1280s.

North 1054/1 is among the scarcer references in the class, reflecting low surviving populations rather than necessarily low original output.