1 Falus - Sikh Empire

Historical Context: This 1 Falus copper coin, struck between 1843 and 1844 (VS 1900-1901), emanates from the Sikh Empire during a period of profound instability following the death of Maharaja Ranjit Singh. Under the nominal rule of the child Maharaja Duleep Singh, the empire was plagued by internal power struggles and increasing British encroachment. This coinage served as the essential circulating medium for daily commerce amidst the political turbulence that ultimately led to the Anglo-Sikh Wars and the empire's eventual annexation.

Artistry: The identity of the specific engraver for this utilitarian copper issue remains unrecorded, a common circumstance for regional Indian mints of the era. Stylistically, the Falus adheres to the established numismatic traditions of the Sikh Empire, which blended influences from earlier Mughal coinage with distinct Sikh religious and political invocations. Given its small 16mm diameter, the design typically features concise Persian legends, often invoking the Gurus or the Khalsa, alongside the VS date.

Technical/Grading: The 1 Falus, with its 9.26 gram weight on a compact 16mm flan, often exhibits variable strike quality. High-points for wear and strike typically include the central portions of the Persian legends and any prominent religious or dynastic symbols. Due to the inherent challenges of striking small copper planchets in a period of high output and less precise minting technology, examples frequently display off-center strikes, uneven flan preparation, and incomplete peripheral legends. Strong, well-centered strikes with full legends are considered premium examples.