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1 Falus - Humayun Jaunpur Mint

Issuer Mughal Empire
Year 1535-1538
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Value 1 Falus (1⁄80)
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Obverse script Arabic
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Reverse description Reverse of hammered copper flan displaying a multi-line Arabic legend in Naskh script identifying the mint. The partial legend reads '[Khitta J]aunpur', with the letter 'B' of the epithet 'Mutabarraq' (the Blessed) serving as a central dividing element between the lines of text; the remainder of the epithet is not visible due to the limitations of the irregular flan and die coverage. The bold, deeply incuse lettering is characteristic of Mughal provincial copper issues struck at Jaunpur during the reign of Humayun.
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Additional information

Humayun's control of Jaunpur was intermittent and contested. By 1535–1538 he was already losing ground to Sher Shah Suri, whose forces would drive the Mughal emperor into a fifteen-year exile in Persia by 1540. Coins struck at Jaunpur during this window reflect a ruler administering a frontier city under genuine military pressure, not a settled imperial power.

Jaunpur had its own pre-Mughal sultanate tradition of copper coinage, and the mint was operationally active when Humayun took it — which likely accounts for the continuity of output during what was, politically, an unstable occupation.

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