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1 Falus - Ali Adil Shah II
| Issuer | Bijapur, Sultanate of |
|---|---|
| Year | 1067-1083 AH (1656-1672 AD) |
| Type | Standard circulation coin |
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| Obverse description | Hammered copper flan of irregular form bearing a three-line Arabic legend disposed across the field. The inscription, struck in a bold and somewhat crude naskh-derived hand characteristic of Bijapur copper coinage, reads 'Ali Adil / Shah Thani / Sultan', asserting the regnal title and name of the issuing sovereign. The surfaces show typical flan porosity and hammer-strike irregularities, with the legend raised in relief against an undecorated field. No border ornament is present, the rim being defined solely by the natural edge of the flan. |
|---|---|
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| Reverse lettering | غازي |
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| Additional information |
Ali Adil Shah II inherited the Bijapur Sultanate at age four in 1656, ruling under a regency dominated first by his mother and then by a succession of competing nobles. His reign coincided with relentless Mughal pressure from the north and the devastating rise of Shivaji, whose Maratha forces sacked Bijapur's territories repeatedly through the 1660s. Copper falus from this period circulated in an economy under genuine siege — tribute demands, military expenditure, and territorial loss all compressing the sultanate's fiscal base simultaneously.
Ali Adil Shah II died in 1672 without a direct heir, effectively opening the door to the Mughal annexation that would follow within two decades.