Catalog
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| Issuer | United Qarakhanid Khaganate |
|---|---|
| Year | 1021 |
| Type | Standard circulation coin |
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| Composition | Log in to see details |
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| Obverse description | Log in to see details |
|---|---|
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| Reverse description | Central field displays a multi-line Arabic kufic inscription arranged in several registers within a plain inner circle, conveying the mint name, date, and ruler's titles. The marginal legend encircling the central device contains additional Arabic text, likely including the Shahada or Quranic formulae, running along the full circumference. The flan is irregular and the strike is typical of hammered Qarakhanid fals coinage, with flat areas and slight doubling consistent with hand production. The epigraphy is angular and bold, consistent with early eleventh-century Samarqand mint production. |
| Reverse script | Arabic |
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| Edge | Plain. |
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