Mu'izz al-Din Musa Yabgh held the western Qarakhanid throne during a period of sustained fragmentation, when the khanate's dual-ruler system — an eastern and western khan governing simultaneously — produced a proliferation of local copper issues tied to specific urban mints across Transoxiana and the Tarim Basin. Fals coinage at this level was essentially municipal currency, its acceptance rarely extending far beyond the issuing city's market.
Album 3438 covers a tight cluster of issues, and attribution within it often hinges on mint name and ruler title combinations that are partially struck or off-flan on surviving specimens.
Mu'izz al-Din Musa Yabgh held the western Qarakhanid throne during a period of sustained fragmentation, when the khanate's dual-ruler system — an eastern and western khan governing simultaneously — produced a proliferation of local copper issues tied to specific urban mints across Transoxiana and the Tarim Basin. Fals coinage at this level was essentially municipal currency, its acceptance rarely extending far beyond the issuing city's market.
Album 3438 covers a tight cluster of issues, and attribution within it often hinges on mint name and ruler title combinations that are partially struck or off-flan on surviving specimens.