1 Fals - Mansur b. Ahmad Citing Nasr b. 'Ali

The Qarakhanids were the first Turkic dynasty to convert to Islam en masse, and their coinage reflects the political complexity of that transition — multiple names on a single fals often indicate a layered hierarchy of khans, with a supreme ruler cited alongside a subordinate who actually controlled the mint city. Here, Nasr b. 'Ali almost certainly held the senior position, with Mansur b. Ahmad acting as the regional authority responsible for this issue.

Copper fals of this period circulated in a monetary system where silver dirhams dominated prestige exchange; the fals handled local, low-value trade and changed hands constantly. Album's attribution 3429.2 places this piece within a tightly defined subtype.