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1 Fals - Ahmad Atam-Tegin Isbijab
| Issuer | United Qarakhanid Khaganate |
|---|---|
| Year | 1014-1033 |
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| Composition | Copper |
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| Obverse description | Central field occupied by a multi-line Arabic legend arranged in horizontal registers within a double linear circle, the inscription naming the ruler and religious formulae. The text is struck in bold relief characteristic of Qarakhanid hammered copper coinage, with a marginal legend running within the outer border. The flan is irregular in shape, typical of the hand-struck production methods of the period, with slight weakness at the margins. |
|---|---|
| Obverse script | Arabic |
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| Reverse description | Reverse displays a multi-line Arabic inscription arranged in horizontal bands across the central field, contained within a double linear circle with a marginal legend along the periphery. The legends record the mint name Isbijab and attributions to the Qarakhanid ruler Ahmad Atam-Tegin, following the standard Abbasid-influenced epigraphic fals format. The relief is somewhat worn and the strike uneven, consistent with the irregular copper flans characteristic of Central Asian hammered coinage of the early 11th century. |
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