1 Ducaton - Philip IV Second bust, piedfort of double weight

The piedfort here is not a denomination but a deliberate artifact of the mint's ceremonial practice — double-weight strikings in this tradition were produced as presentation pieces for court officials, high-ranking clergy, and visiting dignitaries rather than for any monetary purpose. The Antwerp and 's-Hertogenbosch mints both struck piedfort ducatons under Philip IV, accounting for the multiple Vanhoudt references.

The date range spans nearly three decades of Spanish Hapsburg rule over Brabant, a period during which the Southern Netherlands remained under Madrid's administration while the northern provinces had long since broken away. Pieforts from this run surface rarely and almost exclusively in cabinet condition — their origins precluded circulation entirely.