Deventer had no business minting ducats by the 1660s and did so anyway. The city's right to strike coinage was a medieval holdover, perpetually contested by the States of Overijssel and the Dutch central authorities, who spent much of the seventeenth century trying to rationalize the chaotic patchwork of provincial and municipal minting privileges. Deventer exploited that privilege aggressively during these years, producing ducats to the standard trade specification that circulated far beyond the IJssel valley — the .986 fine ducat being by then a trusted instrument across the Baltic and Levant trades regardless of whose arms appeared on it.
The Fr#26 designation places this squarely within Friedberg's Dutch municipal gold, a category thin enough that individual die varieties within the 1662–1666 window have never been fully catalogued.
Deventer had no business minting ducats by the 1660s and did so anyway. The city's right to strike coinage was a medieval holdover, perpetually contested by the States of Overijssel and the Dutch central authorities, who spent much of the seventeenth century trying to rationalize the chaotic patchwork of provincial and municipal minting privileges. Deventer exploited that privilege aggressively during these years, producing ducats to the standard trade specification that circulated far beyond the IJssel valley — the .986 fine ducat being by then a trusted instrument across the Baltic and Levant trades regardless of whose arms appeared on it.
The Fr#26 designation places this squarely within Friedberg's Dutch municipal gold, a category thin enough that individual die varieties within the 1662–1666 window have never been fully catalogued.