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| 正面描述 | Right-facing draped bust of Duke John Frederick of Brunswick-Lüneburg, his flowing long hair adorned with a laurel wreath, rendered in high relief with finely detailed drapery at the truncation. The portrait is executed in the Baroque court style characteristic of late 17th-century German ducal coinage. A circumscribed Latin legend reading IOHAN FRIDER : D : G : DUX BR : & LU : surrounds the effigy, identifying the ruler by name and title. The inner border is defined by a beaded or toothed rim. The field around the bust is smooth and unadorned. |
|---|---|
| 正面文字 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 正面铭文 | IOHAN FRIDER : D : G : DUX BR : & LU : |
| 背面描述 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 背面文字 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 背面铭文 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 边缘 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 铸币厂 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 铸造量 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 附加信息 |
John Frederick, who ruled Calenberg from 1665 until his death in 1679, was a Catholic convert governing a predominantly Lutheran territory — a tension he managed largely by leaving confessional affairs undisturbed while pursuing an aggressively ambitious foreign policy. He aligned Brunswick-Calenberg with France during Louis XIV's Dutch War, a gamble that brought French subsidies and military prestige but left his successors deeply entangled in continental power struggles.
The Fr#569 attribution places this squarely within a ducat series that saw irregular output; Calenberg's mint at Hannover was never among the high-volume operations of the German states.