1 Ducat - Ferdinand II Graz

Ferdinand II ruled Styria as archduke from 1590 before becoming Holy Roman Emperor in 1619, and his Graz mint was among the most productive of his pre-imperial years. The 1613 date falls squarely within his aggressive Catholic restoration campaign in the Inner Austrian lands — by this point he had already expelled Protestant clergy and closed Lutheran schools, consolidating control over a population that was still largely Protestant at the start of his reign.

Graz ducats of this period are distinguished from the Vienna and Prague output by their mint mark, and Herinek's wide dating range for this type reflects consistent die production across Ferdinand's Styrian tenure rather than any single prolific year.