1 Ducat - Charles II Francis Graz

Charles II ruled Inner Austria — the bloc of Habsburg territories including Styria, Carinthia, and Carniola — as a committed Counter-Reformation prince. Where his brother Emperor Maximilian II had tolerated Lutheranism, Charles systematically expelled Protestant preachers and forced reconversion among the nobility. The 1590 ducat was struck at Graz in the final year of his reign; he died in July of that year, making late issues scarce relative to earlier output.

His son, the future Emperor Ferdinand II, would carry the same confessional policy to its most destructive conclusion — helping trigger the Thirty Years' War.