1 Ducat - Carl XIII without 'NORR'

Carl XIII ascended the Swedish throne in 1809 following the forced abdication of Gustav IV Adolf after Sweden's disastrous loss of Finland to Russia. The omission of 'NORR' from the legend — truncating the standard royal titulature that included sovereignty over northern territories — almost certainly reflects the political humiliation of that territorial loss, though the exact decision to alter the die legend was never formally documented in Riksbank correspondence that has survived.

The Fr#81 designation places this squarely in the Friedberg gold ducat series. Mintages across the 1810–1814 window were modest, consistent with wartime fiscal strain.