1 Ducat

Konstanz struck these ducats in the early 1650s under the shadow of a city exhausted by the Thirty Years' War, which had ended only in 1648 — and whose peace treaty, the Peace of Westphalia, had been partly negotiated at Osnabrück and Münster while Konstanz itself bore the economic strain of a protracted conflict. The right of imperial free cities to strike gold coinage was jealously guarded, and issues from smaller cities like Konstanz are accordingly thin in surviving numbers. Fr#844 places this squarely among the rarer southern German city gold types.