1 Doppia - Giovanni Andrea III Doria

Historical Context: This 1665 Doppia was issued by Giovanni Andrea III Doria (1654-1710), a scion of the powerful Genoese Doria family and Count of Loano. This strategically vital Ligurian coastal territory saw the Doria family navigate political currents between Genoa, Spain, and France. Issuing gold coinage like the Doppia declared sovereignty, reflecting the family's wealth from banking and maritime trade amidst the dynamic mid-17th century Italian States.

Artistry: The Doppia's artistic execution aligns with mid-17th century Italian Baroque numismatic portraiture, characteristic of the Ligurian sphere. Specific engraver signatures are generally undocumented for Loano coinage. The style adheres to prevailing aesthetics: the obverse typically presents a dignified bust of Giovanni Andrea III, rendered with detailed attire and hair, aiming for regal, idealized representation. The reverse usually features the Doria family's heraldic devices, often an eagle, executed with precise period detailing.

Technical/Grading: For optimal grading, prioritize the sharpness of Giovanni Andrea III's portrait on the obverse, especially high points of hair, nose, and drapery. On the reverse, the clarity and completeness of the Doria family crest—particularly the eagle's feathers, crown, and shield elements—are paramount. A strong, even strike across both sides, minimizing flatness, enhances value. Original mint luster, often subtle on hand-struck gold, and clean fields free from significant flaws or damage are critical.