1 Doppia - Giacomo III Mandelli

Historical Context: The 1623 1 Doppia of Giacomo III Mandelli hails from Maccagno, a small imperial fiefdom within the Italian States. Giacomo III, ruling from 1608 to 1640, enjoyed significant autonomy, including the crucial right of coinage—a potent symbol of his family's sovereignty. This early 17th-century period saw numerous independent lordships navigating complex political landscapes. The issuance of a substantial gold Doppia underscored the Mandelli's economic stability and prestige.

Artistry: This Doppia exemplifies the early Baroque numismatic style prevalent in the Italian States. While a specific engraver is unrecorded, the design typically features a dignified, often idealized, bust of Giacomo III on the obverse, encircled by his titulature. The reverse prominently displays the Mandelli family's intricate coat of arms, possibly surmounted by a coronet, symbolizing their status, along with the mintmark and date. Such designs balanced classical influences with emerging dynamic elements.

Technical/Grading: Struck in high-purity gold (.986 fine), weighing 7 grams and measuring 29 millimeters, this coin represents a significant piece. High-points for wear or strike weakness typically include the highest relief areas of the ruler's portrait, such as hair details, cheekbone, and drapery folds. On the reverse, the crown elements, intricate shield details, and mantling would be susceptible. Early hammered strikes often exhibit unevenness, off-center striking, or planchet irregularities, important for technical grading.