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1 Dollar Foreign Exchange Certificate
| Uitgever | Bank Polska Kasa Opieki SA (Pekao) |
|---|---|
| Jaar | 1969 |
| Type | Exchange certificates |
| Waarde | Log in om details te zien |
| Valuta | Log in om details te zien |
| Samenstelling | Log in om details te zien |
| Afmetingen | Log in om details te zien |
| Vorm | Log in om details te zien |
| Drukker | Log in om details te zien |
| Ontwerper(s) | Log in om details te zien |
| Graveur(s) | Log in om details te zien |
| In omloop tot | Log in om details te zien |
| Referentie(s) | Log in om details te zien |
| Beschrijving voorzijde | Pink and brown bon towarowy (commodity voucher) with a central guilloche oval vignette enclosing the denomination "$1$" in green, surmounted by the Pekao bank logo. The title "BON TOWAROWY" appears in large letterpress at top, with bilingual redemption text flanking the vignette and "JEDEN DOLAR" in bold at foot. |
|---|---|
| Opschrift voorzijde | Log in om details te zien |
| Beschrijving keerzijde | Plain pink reverse with a central guilloche oval vignette enclosing "$1$", printed in brown on a fine rosette underprint. Two lines of small-type Polish legal disclaimer text run across the lower portion, and a stamp impression is visible at lower left. |
| Opschrift keerzijde | Log in om details te zien |
| Handtekening(en) | Log in om details te zien |
| Beveiligingstype | Log in om details te zien |
| Beschrijving beveiliging | Log in om details te zien |
| Varianten | Log in om details te zien |
| Opmerkingen |
Bank Polska Kasa Opieki — Pekao — was the designated channel through which the Polish state extracted hard currency from its own citizens. These Foreign Exchange Certificates were issued to Poles receiving dollar remittances from abroad, primarily from the large diaspora in the United States. The recipient was paid in certificates rather than actual dollars, which the state retained. Certificates could then be spent only at Pewex hard-currency stores, keeping Western goods accessible without letting real convertible currency circulate freely.
The 1969 series was printed domestically by PWPW in Warsaw — unusual for a instrument whose entire purpose was to simulate dollar credibility.