1 Denaro - Frederick II

Frederick II's monetary reforms of the 1230s and 1240s were among the most sophisticated in medieval Europe, culminating in the gold Augustalis but also reorganizing the base coinage of the Regno. This billon denaro belongs to the final phase of his rule, issued just three years before his death in 1250 amid his ongoing conflict with Pope Innocent IV, who had excommunicated him for the second time in 1245 at the Council of Lyon.

Spahr 147 is among the later denaro types and survives in relatively low numbers, consistent with the disruption to Sicilian mint operations during the last contested years of Frederick's reign.