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1 Daalder ' Philipsdaalder' - Philip II PHILIPPVS - Countermark A13.1
| Issuer | Holland, County of |
|---|---|
| Year | 1561 |
| Type | Standard circulation coin |
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| Obverse description | Draped and armored bust of Philip II facing left, rendered in high relief with finely engraved curled hair and beard, wearing an elaborately decorated cuirass with ruff collar. The encircling Latin legend runs along the outer border of the coin, interrupted at the base by the date 1561. A small circular countermark (A13.1), depicting a crowned lion passant within a dotted border, is applied to the right field behind the neck of the effigy. The overall style is characteristic of Netherlandish hammered coinage of the mid-sixteenth century. |
|---|---|
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| Reverse description | Crowned coat of arms of the Spanish-Habsburg monarchy, centrally placed and resting upon a Burgundian cross with flint steels; the collar and pendants of the Order of the Golden Fleece hang from the shield, with decorative sparks or flames flanking the composition. A mint mark appears at the top of the design above the crown. The entire device is framed by the circumferential Latin legend in the outer border. The execution is consistent with the hammered technique standard for Netherlandish daalders of this period. |
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| Additional information |
The Philipsdaalder was introduced by Philip II as part of a sweeping monetary ordinance of 1557–1560 intended to rationalize the chaotic patchwork of coinage circulating across the Habsburg Netherlands. Holland was among the principal minting authorities for the type, and the coin moved heavily through Baltic and Levantine trade routes — a role that explains the frequency of foreign countermarks on surviving specimens.
The A13.1 countermark is a Dutch restrike validation punch, applied to certify continued legal tender status as monetary edicts shifted. These countermarked pieces were formally authorized rather than clandestinely stamped.