Каталог
| Эмитент | Melayu Kingdom (Indonesian States) |
|---|---|
| Год | 1000-1350 |
| Тип | Standard circulation coin |
| Номинал | |
| Валюта | |
| Состав | Copper |
| Вес | 9.68 g |
| Диаметр | 15 mm |
| Толщина | |
| Форма | Round (irregular) |
| Техника | Hammered |
| Ориентация | |
| Гравёр(ы) | |
| В обращении до | |
| Каталожные номера | Zeno cat# 310217 |
| Описание аверса | Seated lion right, crowned, mouth open, all in incuse circle hammered over the attachment marks of the lathe. |
|---|---|
| Письменность аверса | |
| Надписи аверса | |
| Описание реверса | Stylized bust of lion left, in ovular incuse punch, clear circular lathe artifact remaining. |
| Письменность реверса | |
| Надписи реверса | |
| Гурт | Beveled into hexagonal profile in lathe, each face sanded as to |
| Монетный двор | |
| Тираж |
ND (1000-1350) - Lion left, bust left - ND (1000-1350) - Lion left, bust right - ND (1000-1350) - Lion right, bust left - ND (1000-1350) - Lion right, bust right - |
| ID Numisquare | 3313150410 |
| Дополнительная информация |
Historical Context: This 1 copper coin, issued by the Melayu Kingdom (Indonesian States) between 1000-1350 CE, offers crucial insight into a dynamic era in Southeast Asian history. This period saw the decline of Srivijaya and the rise of independent maritime polities across Sumatra and the Malay Peninsula. The standardized production of copper coinage, weighing 9.68 grams and 15 millimeters, signifies a developing monetary economy, facilitating local trade and underscoring the economic sophistication of these states.
Artistry: Consistent with the period, the specific engraver remains anonymous. The coin's "Beveled" characteristic likely refers to its planchet preparation or edge, suggesting a pragmatic approach to minting. Stylistically, these Melayu issues feature anepigraphic designs or highly stylized symbols, drawing from local iconography or simplified geometric patterns. Design prioritized clear identification and denomination over intricate detail, reflecting a functional aesthetic for widespread daily transactions.
Technical/Grading: Weighing 9.68 grams for its 15-millimeter diameter, this copper coin indicates a thick, durable flan. High-points, for typically anepigraphic or symbolic designs, would be the raised central elements. Strike quality, due to hand-hammering, varies, showing potential weakness or slight off-centerness. The "Beveled" nature might influence strike consistency. For grading, surface preservation and corrosion are paramount, as excavated copper artifacts frequently exhibit environmental wear impacting design clarity.