1 Chiao Chinese Soviet Republic Bank of Hunan-Kwangsi Province

The Bank of Hunan-Kwangsi Province was one of several regional soviet financial institutions established by the Chinese Communist Party during the Jiangxi Soviet period, when the CCP controlled scattered base areas across south-central China while under sustained Nationalist military pressure. Currency issued under these auspices was intended for circulation within tightly defined liberated zones — accepted by party-controlled cooperatives and grain procurement organs, but functionally worthless the moment it crossed into Kuomintang territory.

The 1933–1934 dating places this note in the period immediately before the Fifth Encirclement Campaign forced the Long March. Most soviet-era paper from this region was abandoned, destroyed, or seized during the retreat, making surviving examples genuinely uncommon rather than artificially scarce.