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1 Chiao

Issuer Mengchiang Bank
Year 1940
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Shape Rectangular
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Obverse description Central vignette of two Bactrian camels in an open steppe landscape, printed in olive-green on a red ornamental border with floral guilloche scrollwork at the corners. Bank title 行銀疆蒙 appears at upper centre; denomination 壹角 is set within a decorative rosette cartouche at right. A red seal impression appears at lower left.
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Reverse description Intricate multicolour guilloche design composed of three interlocking floral rosettes on a pale underprint, with a central medallion enclosing a circular emblem. Mongolian script appears within the left rosette; Chinese denomination 壹角 is inscribed at the right margin. The overall layout is symmetrical with delicate vine scrollwork framing the composition.
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Comments

The Mengchiang Bank was established in 1937 under Japanese occupation to serve the Inner Mongolian puppet administration known as Mengjiang — effectively a financial instrument of the Kwantung Army's economic penetration of the region. The 1 Chiao denomination was the smallest in the bank's initial paper series, intended to displace existing Chinese National Currency and Mongolian notes at the lowest transaction level.

These low-value wartime issues circulated hard and were rarely preserved. Surviving examples in any condition above heavily worn are genuinely uncommon.

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