1 Cent - Wilhelmina

This series spans nearly three decades because the Netherlands resisted the broader European trend toward aluminum and zinc coinage until wartime necessity forced the issue. When Germany occupied the Netherlands in May 1940, the Royal Dutch Mint in Utrecht fell under German administrative control almost immediately. The final legitimate strikes in 1941 were produced under occupation conditions, and the Dutch government-in-exile subsequently established emergency coinage operations in Philadelphia.

Collectors should note that the 1941-dated pieces represent the last bronze cents minted under Wilhelmina's name on Dutch soil for the duration of the war.