1 Cash - Zhongtong Yuanbao, Seal script

The Zhongtong reign period marks the very opening of Kublai Khan's rule, proclaimed in 1260 before he had even consolidated control over the Mongol succession dispute with his brother Ariq Böke. Cash coinage from this window is sparse — Kublai's administration was simultaneously establishing the Zhongtong paper currency system, which was aggressively promoted as the primary medium of exchange. Bronze cash issues were effectively subordinate to, and in tension with, that paper money policy from the outset.

The absence of a Hartill reference number suggests this type remains incompletely catalogued, which is itself informative about surviving population.